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Crash Course (sometimes stylized as CrashCourse) is an educational YouTube channel started by the Green brothers, Hank Green and John Green, who are notable for their VlogBrothers channel.^[1][2][3] Originally, John and Hank presented humanities and science courses to viewers, respectively,^[4] although the series has since expanded to incorporate courses by additional hosts.

Crash Course was one of the 100 initial channels of YouTube's $100 million original channel initiative. Crash Course launched a preview on December 2, 2011. As of March 10, 2019, the Crash Course YouTube channel has over 9 million subscribers^[5] and the channel passed 1 billion total views in February 2019.^[6] In November 2014, Hank Green announced that a partnership with PBS Digital Studios would allow them to produce more courses, starting in January 2015.

Taylor and Billie's relationship ultimately eight months later, and he's with a new lady in his life.

To date, there are 36 main series of Crash Course, with John hosting nine and Hank hosting seven. Together with Emily Graslie, they also co-hosted Big History. Alongside the PBS partnership, and with John commencing a year-long hiatus from the show in 2015, additional hosts were brought in to increase the number of concurrent series: Phil Plait (Astronomy), Craig Benzine (U.S. Government and Politics and Film History), Adriene Hill (Economics and Statistics), Jacob Clifford (Economics), Shini Somara (Physics and Engineering), Andre Meadows (Games), Carrie Anne Philbin (Computer Science), Mike Rugnetta (Mythology and Theater), Nicole Sweeney (Sociology), Emily Graslie (Big History 2), Lily Gladstone (Film Production), Michael Aranda (Film Criticism), Thomas Frank (Study Skills), Jay Smooth (Media Literacy), and Evelyn Ngugi (Business: Soft Skills).

A second channel, Crash Course Kids, is hosted by Sabrina Cruz and has completed its first series, Science. The first foreign-language course, an Arabic reworking of the original World History series, is hosted by Yasser Abumuailek. The main channel has also begun a series of shorter animated episodes, called Recess, that focus on topics from previous Crash Course series.

• 1Series overview
• 2Production
• 3Arts courses
• 4Humanities courses
• 5Science courses
• 6Other series

Series overview[edit]

Main series[edit]

Kids series[edit]

Foreign language series[edit]

Miniseries[edit]

Production[edit]

The science series (and Philosophy, but not Computer Science) are filmed in Missoula, Montana, in a studio building that also houses SciShow.^[7] The Biology and Ecology series were filmed in front of green screen. From the Chemistry season onward, these series were filmed on new custom-built sets. These series are produced and edited by Nicholas Jenkins, while Blake de Pastino serves as script editor. The sound design and music for these series are provided by Michael Aranda and in later series, his company Synema Studios.

The humanities series (except Philosophy and Economics) and Computer Science are filmed in a studio in Indianapolis, Indiana, which is also home to The Art Assignment and Healthcare Triage. They are produced and edited by Stan Muller, Mark Olsen, and Brandon Brungard.

Crash Course Kids was filmed in a studio in Toronto, Ontario. The series was directed by Michael Aranda, and produced by the Missoula Crash Course team.

Crash Course Economics is filmed in the YouTube Space in Los Angeles, California, and produced by the Indianapolis Crash Course team.

Graphic design for all of the series except Biology and Ecology is provided by Thought Café (formerly Thought Bubble).

Starting with the Statistics course in early 2018, courses that are not PBS co-productions are directly identifying as made by Complexly, complete with logo branding and suggestions for their other channels.

Funding[edit]

The Crash Course YouTube channel was teased in December 2011,^[8] and launched in January 2012 as one of the initial original, YouTube-funded channels.^[9][10] In April 2013, John Green detailed that Crash Course was going through financial hardships.^[11] In July 2013, Hank Green expressed his frustration with the ways YouTube had been changing and controlling its website.^[12][13]

Funds from Google eventually ran out, and shortly after Green's A Chat with YouTube video, the VlogBrothers decided to launch Subbable, a crowdfunding website where viewers can donate, monthly, to channels in return for perks. Donating is optional, as Hank Green stated, 'We ascribe to the idealistic notion that audiences don't pay for things because they have to but because they care about the stuff that they love and want it to continue to grow'.^[14]Crash Course was the first series and channel to be offered on Subbable, and from this point onward, would be funded by the website.^[15] In March 2015, Subbable was acquired by Patreon, and Crash Course's crowdfunding was moved over to Patreon.

In 2014, Crash Course announced a partnership with PBS Digital Studios. The partnership will introduce Benzine and Plait, who have hosted U.S. Government and Politics, and Astronomy, respectively.^[16] Hank Green also announced he will be hosting an Anatomy &Physiology series, and that another host will host an Economics series, as John takes a year-long break from the series.^[16]

Arts courses[edit]

Some courses, presented by neither Hank nor John Green have been added to the Crash Course curriculum since it first began in 2012.

Games[edit]

On March 25, 2016, the Crash Course YouTube channel uploaded a two-minute preview for Crash Course Games. It covers the history of games and several types of games, including board games, video games, card games, role-playing games, sports, and more. The series was hosted by Andre Meadows and premiered April 1, 2016.

Film[edit]

On April 6, 2017, a preview for Crash Course Film was uploaded. The series consists of three segments: Film History hosted by Craig Benzine, Film Production hosted by Lily Gladstone, and Film Criticism hosted by Michael Aranda.^[17]Film History covers the invention of cinema technology, the evolution of film language, and trends in filmmaking. Film Production covers the process of filmmaking and the roles of key crew members. Film Criticism analyzes titles including Citizen Kane, Aliens, Selma, Do the Right Thing, Apocalypse Now, Moonlight, and 2001: A Space Odyssey.^[18]

Theater[edit]

On February 2, 2018, a preview for Crash Course Theater and Drama was uploaded. The first episode was uploaded on February 9 of the same year. The show was is hosted by Mike Rugnetta, and covers the history of theater throughout different cultures and time periods.

Humanities courses[edit]

John Green, one half of the VlogBrothers, began his Crash Course series on January 26, 2012, with World History. As a collective, John has referred to the courses he teaches as 'Humanities'.^[19]

As a result of a partnership with PBS Digital Studios, as well as John's decision to take a break from Crash Course in 2015, new hosts have been introduced to host the humanities courses: Craig Benzine (Government), Adriene Hill and Jacob Clifford (Economics), and Andre Meadows (Games).

Hank's sixth series, Philosophy, is also a humanities course, although it is produced by the team in Missoula who have traditionally produced the science series.

World History[edit]

Crash Course World History^[20] was the first series launched on the Crash Course channel, running from January 26 to November 5, 2012.

On January 26, 2012, the series launched with 'The Agricultural Revolution' and a new episode aired on YouTube every Thursday. Throughout an episode, Green, the show's host and executive producer, elaborates on the topic presented at the beginning of the video. Raoul Meyer, an AP World History teacher and Green's former teacher at Indian Springs School, writes the show, with revisions and additions by Green.^[21]

Crash Course World History features recurring segments such as 'The Open Letter,' where Green reads an open letter to a historical figure, period, item, or concept. Occasionally Green converses with a naïve, younger version of himself whom he calls 'Me from the past'; this character usually has naïve or obvious questions or statements about the topic.^[4][22] A running joke is that the Mongols are a major exception to most sweeping generalizations in world history. Mentions of this fact cue the 'Mongoltage' (a portmanteau of 'Mongol' and 'montage'), which shows a drawing of Mongols shouting 'We're an Exception!' followed by a three-second clip of a scene from the 1963 film Hercules Against the Mongols depicting a village raid.

In Crash Course World History, Green frequently encourages his viewers to avoid looking at history through Eurocentric or 'Great Man' lenses, but to be conscious of a broader historical context. Crash Course World History, filmed in Indianapolis, has a broad following, having attracted millions of viewers.^[23] It has a particular appeal to American students taking the AP World History class and exam; many students and teachers use the videos to supplement their courses.^[9][24][25] Various episodes were featured in online news publications.^[26][27]

After 42 episodes, World History concluded on November 9, 2012. On June 27, 2014, in a video preview, John Green announced World History would return for a second season, lasting 30 episodes.^[28] Ultimately, the second season ended on Apr 4, 2015. He made a few predictions about the future and also quoted at his last sentence: 'Also, thanks for watching this series. It has been amazingly fun to create, and we appreciate all of you.'^[29]

In 2018, an Arabic-language edition of World History, hosted by Yasser Abumuailek, launched. It is produced by Deutsche Welle and hosted on their Arabic YouTube channel.^[30]

Literature[edit]

John's second series is Crash CourseLiterature, which first aired as an eight-episode miniseries, from November 15, 2012. Works that have been covered include Romeo and Juliet, The Catcher in the Rye, The Great Gatsby, and Emily Dickinson's poetry.

In February 2014, it was announced John Green would follow his U.S. History series with Crash CourseLiterature 2.^[31] This second season began on February 27, 2014, and ran for 16 episodes, covering ancient works such as The Odyssey and Oedipus and novels like To Kill a Mockingbird, Slaughterhouse-Five, Frankenstein, and Beloved.

In January 2016, John announced that a third season of Crash Course Literature would air in the summer. This season will cover The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Invisible Man, One Hundred Years of Solitude, Their Eyes Were Watching God, Sula, Lord of the Flies as well as some Shakespearean sonnets.

On April 4, 2017 John Green revealed in a VlogBrothers video that Literature will be returning for a fourth series in Fall 2017; he mentioned Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell as a possible book to be covered.^[32] On June 22 of that year, at VidCon, the full list for the fourth season was announced: 1984, The Handmaid's Tale, Parable of the Sower, Candide, Macbeth, To the Lighthouse, The Yellow Wallpaper, and Pride and Prejudice.^[33]

U.S. History[edit]

On the January 24, 2013, finale of the first season of Crash Course Literature, John Green announced that it would be followed by Crash Course U.S. History, beginning the following week on January 31, 2013 with 'The Black Legend, Native Americans, and Spaniards.' Following in the tone set by World History, Green puts an emphasis on maintaining an open and non-Western view of American History. A new segment called the 'Mystery Document' replaces the 'Open Letter'; Green takes a manuscript from the fireplace's secret compartment and reads it aloud, then must guess its author and the source work it is excerpted from. If he is incorrect, he is punished by a shock pen. Whilst the Mongoltage is largely absent, the 'Libertage,' photos associated with America overtop an American flag with an electric guitar sound effect opening and ending with an explosion, appears whenever America's great national pride is referenced. The series ended on February 6, 2014.^[31] As with World History, Crash Course U.S. History is written by Raoul Meyer.

U.S. Government and Politics[edit]

As part of the partnership with PBS Digital Studios, Craig Benzine, known on YouTube as WheezyWaiter, was brought in to host the U.S. Government and Politics series.^[34] Benzine said that the course will provide an overview of how the government of the United States is supposed to function, and how it actually does function. He also said that the course will teach about 'the branches of government, politics, elections, political parties, pizza parties, and much, much more'.

The series began on January 23, 2015, and ended on March 4, 2016.

Economics[edit]

In Hank's November 2014 announcement of the PBS partnership and the new series of Crash Course in 2015, he mentioned that a Crash Course Economics was in the works, but that it was not yet known who would present it.^[34] In February 2015, John announced that reporter Adriene Hill and high school teacher Jacob Clifford will host,^[35] and in July 2015, a preview video was released on the Crash Course channel. The series was launched on July 8, 2015, and finished on June 9th, 2016.

Philosophy[edit]

On January 18, 2016, Hank Green announced he would be hosting a new series about philosophy in February 2016.^[36] On February 8th, the first philosophy episode was released. Philosophy is the first course to have a corporate sponsor; Squarespace will present each episode. The series was launched February 8, 2016. The series is produced by the science-series team in Missoula, Montana, as the series focuses on issues in logic and the philosophy of science. The series ended on February 13, 2017.

Mythology[edit]

On February 17, 2017, a preview for Crash Course Mythology was uploaded. Hosted by Mike Rugnetta, the series began on February 24, 2017. It covers creation myths, pantheons, destruction myths, heroes, mythical places, creatures, objects, and myths in the modern world.

Science courses[edit]

Hank Green began his Crash Course series with Biology, on January 30, 2012. John referred to Hank's series as 'the science stuff' counterpart to his humanities courses.^[19] As part of the partnership with PBS Digital Studios, additional hosts have been brought in to host recent series: Phil Plait (Astronomy), and Shini Somara (Physics).

A 2017 series, Computer Science, is also a science course, although it is produced by the team in Indianapolis who have traditionally produced the humanities series.

Biology[edit]

Hank Green's first series, Crash Course Biology, launched on January 30, 2012 with 'That's Why Carbon Is a Tramp,' and a new episode aired on YouTube every Monday until October 22, 2012. The series used humor to blend entertainment into its educational content.^[37] A recurring segment on the program is titled 'Biolo-graphy,' in which Green relays a short biography of a person who is usually associated with the topic of the overall episode. For the benefit of uncertain viewers, Hank Green links YouTube annotations to every specific subtopic he explains in the video at the conclusion of the episode (the annotations replay the video starting from the particular annotation the viewer selects). In July 2012, a Crash Course Biology episode discussing comparative anatomy was featured on a Mashable article.^[38]

Ecology[edit]

In the final episode of Crash Course Biology, Green revealed that the successor series, Crash Course Ecology, would follow in the spirit of the Biology series.^[39] It premiered on November 5, 2012, and ran for 12 episodes.

Chemistry[edit]

In January 2013, Hank Green announced that his next series would be Crash Course Chemistry, following a similar style to his previous Biology and Ecology series. He talked about the importance of chemistry to the world, and talked about the series in a brief 2-minute preview video.^[40] This series premiered on February 11, 2013.

Psychology[edit]

On January 3, 2014, Hank Green teased the launch of a series on psychology, before launching it on February 3.^[41]

Anatomy & Physiology[edit]

On January 15, 2014, Hank Green announced he would be hosting a new series about anatomy & physiology in 2015. The series began on January 6, 2015.

Astronomy[edit]

Phil Plait began teaching a course on astronomy on January 15, 2015. Plait stated that the course, 'will cover basic topics in astronomy like motions in the sky, naked-eye observing, the planets, eclipses, stars, galaxies, and the whole Universe.'^[42]

Physics[edit]

On January 29, 2016, the Crash Course Tumblr confirmed that the physics course will debut in late March, hosted by Shini Somara.^[43] A 2-minute preview video for Crash Course Physics was uploaded to YouTube on February 18, 2016. The series premiered March 31, 2016.

Computer Science[edit]

On February 15, 2017, a preview episode of Crash Course Computer Science was posted on the channel. It began on February 22 and is hosted by Carrie Anne Philbin.

Sociology[edit]

On February 28, 2017, a preview for Crash Course Sociology was uploaded. It premiered on March 13 and is hosted by Nicole Sweeney.

Statistics[edit]

On January 17, 2018, a preview for Crash Course Statistics was uploaded. It will premiere the following week and is hosted by Adriene Hill, returning after having co-hosted the Economics series.

Engineering[edit]

On May 10, 2018, a preview for Crash Course Engineering was uploaded. It is hosted by Dr. Shini Somara, returning after having hosted the Physics series, and will run for 46 episodes.

Other series[edit]

Big History[edit]

In May 2014, John Green mentioned an upcoming 10-episode Crash Course season on Big History, funded by a grant from one of Bill Gates' organizations.^[44] The series first aired on the channel of the Big History Project, rather than the Crash Course YouTube channel.

On August 19, 2014, the Big History Project channel began hosting episodes of a new co-hosted series, Crash Course Big History. This outlines the history of existence, from the Big Bang forward into the evolution of life. Both Green brothers host the series, with Emily Graslie participating as a guest host.^[45]

On September 17, 2014, the first episode of Crash Course Big History was posted on the Crash Course YouTube channel, one month after its premiere on the Big History Project.

In March 2017, Emily Graslie noted on her Twitter feed that she would be participating in a new Big History miniseries.^[46] The first episode of the second season was listed on the Crash Course channel on May 24, 2017; Graslie is the sole host for that season.^[47]

Intellectual Property[edit]

In February 2015, John Green announced that Crash Course producer Stan Muller would host a seven episode miniseries on intellectual property.^[35]

Crash Course Kids[edit]

On February 23, 2015, a new series, Crash Course Kids was announced through a video preview on its own YouTube channel. This series is hosted by Sabrina Cruz, known on YouTube as NerdyAndQuirky.^[48]

Study Skills[edit]

On July 18, 2017, graphics team Thought Café tweeted an image of the Crash Course schedule which included Study Skills with Thomas Frank, set to start August 8.^[49]

Recess[edit]

On March 5, 2018, the first episode in the Recess format was posted. According to its description, this will consist of 'short, fully animated episodes [which] are going to pop up a few times a year and will shed light on amazing stories from past or current Crash Course subjects that for one reason or another didn't make it into the shows.'

Human Geography[edit]

On October 12, 2016, the Crash Course YouTube channel uploaded a 90-second preview for Crash Course Human Geography. The course was to discuss 'what Human Geography isn't, and what it is, and discuss humans in the context of their world'. The series would have been hosted by Miriam Nielsen.

A premiere episode was posted on October 19, 2016, and a second the following week; however, both were removed on October 27. John Green posted to Twitter that '..we got important things wrong. We'll rework the series.. And we'll bring a better series to you in a few months.'^[50] On October 31, 2016, John Green explained that the videos were removed due to 'factual mistakes as well as too strident a tone.' Green said it was caused by a rushed production stemming from staff and budgeting issues.^[51]

In a Reddit AMA in October 2017, John Green indicated the course may not return for some time, stating 'we don't feel like we've cracked it yet.'^[52]

Video release[edit]

DVD box sets of the complete run of the Biology series and of season 1 of World History were made available for pre-order on October 31, 2013.^[53] In June 2016, the show's official site launched, providing free offline downloads of all episodes of every series completed to date.^[54]

Synthesis Patch has been featured with accurate and long-term follow-up to help you in reviewing your improvements. This application also has an essential issue for recording your progress as other games require. Synthesia unlock code.

Footnotes[edit]

1. ^Graslie is the sole host of the second season.
2. ^Clifford departed after the 29th episode, with Hill presenting the remainder solo.
3. ^Hosted on the Crash Course Kids channel.
4. ^Hosted on the DW عربية channel.
5. ^A partnership with Adobe and hosted on the Thought Café channel.

References[edit]

1. ^Pot, Justin (April 7, 2012). 'Crash Course: Entertaining YouTube Courses On History & Biology'. Make Use Of. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
2. ^Roetthers, Janko (February 16, 2012). 'A first look at YouTube's new TV stars'. GigaOM. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
3. ^Leib, Bart (March 23, 2012). 'Scishow & Crash Course: Why Isn't School This Cool?'. Wired. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
4. ^ ^abTalbot, Margaret (June 9, 2014). 'The Teen Whisperer'. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
5. ^'CrashCourse about'. Retrieved May 26, 2017.
6. ^'Crash Course just hit 1 BILLION views!!'. CrashCourse on Twitter. Twitter. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
7. ^Green, Hank (December 21, 2012). Meet the Team: The Missoula Office (And P4A and TheBrainScoop). Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved February 5, 2013.
8. ^Green, John (December 2, 2011). Crash Course Preview. Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
9. ^ ^abRoettgers, Janko (February 1, 2012). 'Cool for school: Education is a big hit on YouTube'. GigaOM. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
10. ^Gutelle, Sam (October 16, 2012). 'Barack Obama Watches The Vlogbrothers'. Tubefilter. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
11. ^Gutelle, Sam (April 2, 2013). 'John Green Talks 'Crash Course', 'Hank Games', And Hats In Reddit IamA'. Tubefilter. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
12. ^Gutelle, Sam (July 17, 2013). 'Hank Green Is Pissed Off About YouTube's Constant Changes'. Tubefilter. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
13. ^Green, Hank (July 17, 2013). 'A Chat with YouTube'. hankschannel. YouTube. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
14. ^Eifler, Emily (August 20, 2013). 'Crowdfunding Matures with a Lesson from Public Broadcasting'. KQED. Retrieved November 30, 2018.
15. ^Gutelle, Sam (July 22, 2013). 'Vlogbrothers Launch Subbable, A 'Pay What You Want' Video Platform'. Tubefilter. Retrieved September 13, 2013.
16. ^ ^abChmielewski, Dawn (23 January 2017). 'Vlogbrothers Bring 'Crash Course' Videos to PBS Digital Studios'. Recode. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
17. ^Aranda, Michael. 'Jellyfish'. WhatImDoingRightNow. YouTube. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
18. ^Green, John and Hank (2 November 2017). 'Awesome Sox Club, Pizzamas, PodCon Scholarship, and More!'. Hank and John's Newsletter. info@nerdfighteria.com.
19. ^ ^abGreen, John (February 27, 2014). A Long and Difficult Journey, or The Odyssey: Crash Course Literature 201. Crash Course Literature 2. YouTube. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
20. ^Higgins, Chris (February 9, 2012). 'John Green's Crash Course in World History'. mental_floss. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
21. ^'History Teacher Discovers Talent As Educational Web Writer'. Columbia Grammar and Preparatory School. November 5, 2013. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
22. ^Cicconet, Marcelo (April 7, 2013). 'YouTube not just a site for entertainment, but education'. Washington Square News. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
23. ^Young, Jeffrey R. (November 5, 2012). 'Welcome to Star Scholar U., Where a Personal Brand Is the Credential'. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
24. ^Jaworski, Michelle (July 10, 2012). 'How YouTube is revolutionizing education'. The Daily Dot. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
25. ^Quinn, Kate (October 30, 2014). 'YouTube's educational side'. The Buffalo News. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
26. ^Tepper, Allegra (July 24, 2012). 'These 10 Videos Turn Tough Topics Into Child's Play - 4. CrashCourse World History: Islam, the Quran, and the Five Pillars All Without a Flamewar'. Mashable. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
27. ^'John Green's Crash Course In Latin American History Covers Everything You Need To Know (VIDEO)'. Huffington Post. September 1, 2012. Retrieved September 6, 2012.
28. ^Green, John. World History, Year 2 Preview. Crash Course. Retrieved June 28, 2014.
29. ^Green, John. Democracy, Authoritarian Capitalism, and China: Crash Course World History 230. Crash Course. Retrieved Apr 4, 2015.
30. ^Green, John. 'Really excited about our partnership with @DeutscheWelle on Crash Course in Arabic'. Twitter. Retrieved 19 January 2018.
31. ^ ^abGreen, John (February 6, 2014). Obamanation: Crash Course US History #47. Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved February 7, 2014.
32. ^Green, John. 'Why I Won't Run For Office (vlog)'. vlogbrothers. YouTube. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
33. ^Green, John. 'New series of Crash Course Lit filming this summer!'. twitter.com/johngreen. Twitter. Retrieved 22 Jun 2017.
34. ^ ^abGreen, Hank (November 7, 2014). New Crash Course and Pizzamas!. VlogBrothers. YouTube. Retrieved November 7, 2014.
35. ^ ^ab'Crash Course Intellectual Property and Economics!'. YouTube. February 18, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
36. ^Green, Hank (January 18, 2016). Crash Course Philosophy Preview. Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved January 18, 2016.
37. ^Grantham, Nick (February 29, 2012). 'Meet Two Brothers Who Bring Biology And History To Life'. Fractus Learning. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
38. ^Tepper, Allegra (July 24, 2012). 'These 10 Videos Turn Tough Topic Into Child's Play - 3. CrashCourse Biology: Comparative Anatomy'. Mashable. Retrieved August 9, 2012.
39. ^Green, Hank (October 29, 2012). Ecology - Rules for Living on Earth: Crash Course Biology #40. Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved October 30, 2012.
40. ^Green, Hank (February 4, 2013). Crash Course Chemistry Preview!. Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved January 5, 2013.
41. ^Green, Hank (January 3, 2014). The Golden Gate Bridge Didn't Collapse!!. VlogBrothers. YouTube. Retrieved January 4, 2013.
42. ^Plait, Phil (January 8, 2015). 'Crash Course Astronomy Premieres Thursday, Jan. 15!'. Bad Astronomy. Slate. Retrieved January 8, 2015.
43. ^'Anonymous asked: Is Hank teaching crash course physics, or will someone else do it?'. thecrashcourse.tumblr.com. Tumblr. Retrieved 29 January 2016.
44. ^Green, John (May 20, 2014). Deserving. VlogBrothers. YouTube. Retrieved May 22, 2014.
45. ^'Big History Project - CrashCourse Videos'. Big History Project. YouTube. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
46. ^Graslie, Emily. 'I'm filming a mini-series of CC Big History!'. Twitter. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
47. ^'Why Cosmic Evolution Matters: Crash Course Big History #201'. Crash Course. YouTube. Retrieved 22 May 2017.
48. ^'Crash Course Kids Preview'. YouTube. February 23, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
49. ^'So many @TheCrashCourse series are airing right now..'@thoughtcafe. Twitter. July 18, 2017. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
50. ^Green, John. 'We're taking down the first two Crash Course Human Geography videos..' Twitter. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
51. ^Green, John. 'A Note on CC Human Geography'. YouTube. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
52. ^Green, John. 'I'm John Green, author of The Fault in Our Stars and Turtles All the Way Down. I'm in a bus for the next eight hours. AMA'. Reddit. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
53. ^DFTBA Records. 'DFTBA - CrashCourse'. Retrieved January 30, 2015.
54. ^'CRASH COURSE DOWNLOADS'. Crash Course. Retrieved 28 June 2016.

External links[edit]

• Crash Course's channel on YouTube

The technology company Google has added Easter eggs and April Fools' Day jokes and hoaxes into many of its products and services, such as Google Search, YouTube, and Android since at least 2000.^[1]

Download Pokemon AshGray, a GBA Rom Hack by metapod23, Latest Version: Beta 4.5.3, patched and ready to play. Jul 13, 2018 - Download Pokemon Ash Gray (Hack) GBA ROM for the GameBoy Advance. Languages: English. Download pokemon ash gray rom. Jan 23, 2018 - Hello Pokemon lovers, looking for Pokemon Ash Gray Rom Download? On this post, we are providing Pokemon Ash Gray Rom GBA for our. Oct 13, 2016 - Download Pokemon Ash Gray, a FireRed based game with unique story. As we all know, every ROM hack has different sprites, tools, maps,. Feb 19, 2015 - Pokemon Ash Gray Version is an incredible remake version of Pokemon FireRed which is completed by metapod23. The graphics are same as.

Easter eggs are hidden features or messages, inside jokes, and cultural references inserted into media. They are often well hidden, so that users find it gratifying when they discover them, helping form bonds between their creators and finders. Google's employees are encouraged to use 20% of their time for projects of personal interest, and Easter eggs are sometimes created during this. Google avoids adding Easter eggs to popular search pages, as they do not want to negatively impact usability.^[2][3]

• 1Search engine
  • 1.1Embedded tools
• 2Google Maps and Google Earth
• 4Google homepage
• 5Android
• 6YouTube
• 7Chrome

Search engine[edit]

As Google searches are case insensitive,^[4] search terms are listed in lower case except where case sensitivity is explicitly referenced.

A Google web search for:

• 'a long time ago in a galaxy far far away' resulted in the same tilted, scrolling style that the introductions to the original Star Wars movies were presented in.^[5] This included the music,^[5] which was muted but could be heard by clicking on or selecting the muted speaker icon on the page. However, this no longer worked as of June 28, 2017.^[6]
• 'anagram( see it )' shows 'Did you mean: nag a ram'.^[7]
  • 'define anagram( see it )' shows 'Did you mean: nerd fame again'.^[8]
  • 'anagram' and 'define anagram' also work in other languages. For example, a Google ES search for 'anagrama' shows Quizás quisiste decir: gama rana'.^[9]
• 'askew( see it )' causes and 'tilt' once caused the results page to be tilted, leaning down, left to right.^[10][11]
• 'binary', 'hex', 'hexadecimal' and 'octal' shows the number of search results in the respective numeral system.^[12][13]
• 'bletchley park( see it )' shows the name of the attraction being decoded in the Knowledge Graph.^[14]
• '<blink>( see it )', 'blink tag', or 'blink html' includes samples of the blink element in the results.^[15]
• 'christmas( see it )', 'hanukkah( see it )', and 'kwanzaa( see it )' will show decorations next to the search bar for each respective holiday. The feature is only active during the month of December. Each year, new decorations are shown.^[16][17][18]
  • Certain words related to these holidays, such as 'candy cane( see it )' and 'menorah( see it )' will also bring up these decorations.^{[citation needed]}
• 'conway's game of life( see it )' on a desktop browser generates a running configuration of the game to the right of the search results. The process can also be stopped and altered by the user.^[19][2]
• 'do a barrel roll( see it )' or 'z or r twice' causes the result page to do a Star Fox-style barrel roll.^[20][21][11]
• 'drag queen' causes a rainbow to display next to the search results.^[22]
• 'festivus( see it )' shows an image of the Festivus pole beside the search results and the message 'A festivus miracle!' next to the number of search results.^[23][21][11]
• 'gay pride( see it )', 'homosexuality', 'stonewall' and other LGBT related searches, at times of gay pride festival activity, cause the results page to have a rainbow themed header.^[24]
• 'google in 1998( see it )' on a desktop browser will generate a layout similar to the one Google used for its search engine in 1998.^[25][11]
• “is google down( see it )” returns with 'No'.^[26]
• 'kerning( see it )' will add spaces between the letters of the word 'kerning' in the search results. Kerning refers to the process of adjusting the space between letters in a word.^[27]
  • 'keming( see it )' will remove spaces between the letters of the word 'keming'.^[27] This refers to improper kerning,^[28] particularly when not enough space is used between letters, which can cause mistakes like 'kerning' to be read as 'keming'.^[29]
• '<marquee>( see it )', 'marquee tag', or 'marquee html' will apply the marquee element to the results count at the top of the results.^[30][31]
• 'pluto( see it )' describes Pluto as 'Our favorite dwarf planet since 2006' in the Knowledge Graph.^[32]
• 'recursion( see it )' includes a 'Did you mean: recursion' link back to the same page.^[20]
• 'sonic the hedgehog( see it )' and 'green hill zone' will give a Knowledge Graph with Sonic waiting. Clicking on Sonic will make him jump; if clicked on 25 times,^{[not in citation given]} Sonic will transform into Super Sonic.^[33]
• 'superb owl( see it )' (a misspelling of Super Bowl) used to result in an infobox of Super Bowl LIII titled 'Superb Owl' with an image of an owl wearing a crown.^[34][35]
• 'super mario bros( see it )' shows a Knowledge Graph for Super Mario Bros. that contains a flashing '?' block which generates a coin and 200 points when clicked. After 100 coins are collected, the '1UP' sound plays.^[36]

• 'text adventure( see it )' or 'google easter eggs'^{[not in citation given]} using most popular modern browsers (except Safari)^[37] and opening the browser's developer console will trigger a text-basedadventure game playable within the console.^[38][39]
• 'thanos( see it )' and 'infinity gauntlet' display a Knowledge Graph with the Infinity Gauntlet on it. Clicking it will cause its fingers to snap, disintegrating half of the links and images on the page, as well as counting down the number of results to half. This is a reference to the 2018 film Avengers: Infinity War, in which the character Thanos destroyed half of all life in the universe with the Gauntlet on his hand by snapping his fingers. It was added in celebration of its sequel – Avengers: Endgame. Clicking the gauntlet again restores the previously disintegrated results' content.^[40][41]
• 'webdriver torso( see it )' turns the Google logo into moving colored blocks. This is a reference to an automated YouTube channel made by Google to test YouTube's performance. This does not work on mobile devices or when there is a Google Doodle on that day.^[42][11]
• During FIFA World Cup 2010, search queries including 'World Cup' and 'FIFA' caused the 'Goooo..gle' page indicator at the bottom of every result page to read 'Goooo..al!' instead.^[43]
• 'wubba lubba dub dub( see it )' results in Google's Search asking 'Did you mean: i am in great pain please help me'.^[44] When using Google Assistant, it responds with 'Are you in pain? How can I help?', 'Sorry, I don't speak Birdperson' or 'Morty, let's get Schwifty', referencing the adult animatedscience fictionsitcomRick and Morty.^[45]
• 'zerg rush( see it )' causes an army of Google Os to attack and destroy the search results, which can be defeated by clicking on them.^[46] Once you are defeated (as victory is impossible^[47]), the Os form two Gs (GG), meaning Good Game.^[48][11]

Embedded tools[edit]

A Google web search for:

• 'breathing exercise( see it )' will have a 1-minute breathing exercise.^[49][50]
• 'bubble level( see it )' on a mobile device will have an interactive spirit level.^[51]
• 'color picker( see it )' or 'rgb to hex' will provide a color picker and a conversion between RGB and hexadecimal color values. Selecting 'Show color values' will also show conversions to the CMYK, HSL and HSV color models.^[52][53]
• 'flip a coin( see it )' will flip a coin: heads or tails.^[54][11]
• 'fun facts( see it )' or 'i'm feeling curious' will show a fun fact. Once a search result has been given, clicking on 'Ask another question' will show another question. It will show a short fact in about 1-3 sentences and a link to the website where the fact was found within a featured box at the top of the search results.^[54][55]
• 'metronome( see it )' will have a metronome that can be adjusted from 40 to 208 BPM.^[56]
• 'minesweeper( see it )' will have a playable game of minesweeper. Users can select between three modes: easy, medium and hard.^{[citation needed]}
• 'pac-man( see it )', 'google pacman' or 'play pacman' will show the Pac-Man related interactive Google Doodle from 2010.^[31][57] Clicking twice will enable a second player, Ms. Pac-Man.^[58]
  The initial configuration of Google's Pac-Man banner.
• 'play dreidel( see it )' will spin a dreidel, landing on one of four letters of the Hebrew alphabet: נ (Nun), ג (Gimel), ה (He) or ש (Shin).^[59][60]
• 'random number generator( see it )' or 'rng' will generate a random number. The starting range is between 1 and 10, but the maximum and minimum can be adjusted. Changing the maximum or minimum to a number with more than 10 digits will generate a dizzy face emoji 😵.^[31] Changing both the maximum and the minimum to 100 will generate a hundred points symbol 💯.^[61]
• 'roll a die( see it )' will roll a die: between 1 and 6.^[54][11]
• 'snake( see it )', 'play snake', 'snake game' and 'snake video game' will result in a 'Play Snake' card. By selecting , the user can play the game on both desktop and mobile.^[62] Clicking the snake after the game ends will switch it between blue to rainbow; a new game can be played with the rainbow snake.^{[citation needed]}
• 'solitaire( see it )' will have a playable game of solitaire. Users can select between two modes: easy and hard.^[54][11]
• 'spinner( see it )' will have an interactive spinning wheel and a fidget spinner^[63] which can be toggled via the switch. For the spinning wheel, a dropdown menu can change the number of numbers on the wheel: from 2 to 20.^[64] Whereas, for the fidget spinner, users have to mimic a rotating motion^[63] in order for the spinner to spin.
• 'tic tac toe( see it )' will show a playable game of tic-tac-toe. Users can select to play against the browser at different levels – 'easy', 'medium' or 'hard' (called 'impossible') – or against a friend.^[54][65][11] An alternative way to find the game is to search 'shall we play a game',^{[citation needed]} a reference to the film WarGames.^{[original research?]}
• 'stopwatch( see it )' and 'timer( see it )' will provide interactive timing methods; the stopwatch counting up and the timer counting down. Both tools are shown for each search term. Variants such as 'set a timer for 10 minutes' can be used.^[66]
• 'what sound does a dog make( see it )' will sound out what a dog will make. The word 'dog' can be replaced with other animals in the search query.^[54]
  • 'animal sounds( see it )' will pick out a random set of animals.^{[citation needed]}
• 'google logo history( see it )' results in a slideshow of the changes to the Google logo, starting with the logo used today and ending with one of the first logos from 1998.^[67]

Google birthday surprise spinner[edit]

Searching for 'google birthday surprise spinner( see it )' will result in a wheel that spins to one of a selection of playable Google Doodles, tools (see above) and games. Whichever is randomly selected may be opened, or the wheel may be spun again. It was added in celebration of Google's 19th birthday.^[49]

Calculator[edit]

Late 2011, Google added a graphical calculator to search results,^[68][69] using natural language processing to determine that search results might be mathematical in nature.^[70][71] Woven into this feature are several, not entirely academic, results which might be considered Easter eggs.^[72]

A Google web search for:

• 'baker's dozen( see it )' shows the additional result '1 baker's dozen = 13'^[73]
• 'once in a blue moon( see it )' will give the additional result of 'once in a blue moon = 1.16699016 × 10⁻⁸ hertz'.^[74]
• 'the answer to [the ultimate question of] life the universe and everything( see it )' provides the answer '42' as a result in reference to the Douglas Adams novel series, 'The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy'.^[20][11] It is believed to be the first Google Easter egg,^[3] predating the calculator in which it is now revealed.
• 'the number of horns on a unicorn( see it )' shows the number '1' on the calculator.^[74]
• 'what is the loneliest number( see it )' shows the number = '1' in the calculator.^[75]

The result of multiple Easter eggs may be calculated; for example: 'the number of horns on a unicorn plus the answer to life the universe and everything( see it )' will return '43'.^[73]

Image search[edit]

• A Google image search for 'atari breakout( see it )' starts a game of Breakout, using the gallery of image results as bricks. Once the bricks are destroyed, a random phrase is automatically searched, the player will add the extra ball, and the game will restart.^[76][11]

Google Maps and Google Earth[edit]

• The world of the Harry Potter spin-off film Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them may be explored with Google Street View. Visit New York City in 1926 as brought to life in the film, as well as the real locations today. Fans can visit MACUSA (Magical Congress of the USA); Steen National Bank, where Newt first meets Jacob Kowalski; the underground speakeasy The Blind Pig; and the magical apartment of Tina and Queenie Goldstein, two of the film’s key characters.( see it )^[77]
• Another 3D buildings Easter egg involves a scene involving a bridge jump from The Blues Brothers, which is recreated in Google Earth at the Tacony–Palmyra Bridge linking New Jersey and Philadelphia.^[74]
• With the release of Google Earth 5, the Mars feature allowed users to speak to a primitive ELIZA clone on the planet, by searching for 'Meliza'.^[78]
• On July 20, 2005, the 36th anniversary of the first human landing on the Moon, Google debuted a version of Google Maps that included a small segment of the surface of the Moon. It is based entirely on NASA images and includes only a very limited region. Panning causes the map to tile. Zooming to the closest level used to show that the Moon was made of cheese.^[79] The map also gives the locations of all Moon landings, and the Google Moon FAQ humorously mentions a connection to the Google Copernicus hoax, which Google claimed to be developing. Supposedly, by 2069, Google Local will support all lunar businesses and addresses.^[79]
• In Street View, on Earls Court Rd, London, United Kingdom, a TARDIS from the science fiction series Doctor Who is on display. Street View allows one to enter the TARDIS( see it ) where it is 'Bigger on the Inside' and explore the set actually used in the show.^[80][81]
• When navigating from Snowdon to Brecon Beacons( see it ), the user can choose to travel by dragon, which takes 21 minutes.^[82]
• When navigating from Urquhart Castle to Fort Augustus( see it ), the user can choose to travel by the Loch Ness Monster, which takes 25 minutes.^[83]
• When navigating from Magdalene College to President's Lodge Queens College( see it ), the user can choose to be punted, which takes 45 minutes.^[84]
• Searching for public transportation from Windsor Castle to Buckingham Palace( see it ) will offer the Royal Carriage option.^[85]
• Certain navigation within the greater London area showed the as-yet unopened Crossrail (Elizabeth Line) in royal purple (April Fool's Day, 2016).^{[citation needed]}
• In celebration of the release of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, users could explore Bruce Wayne's residence and the Batcave.^[86]
• For April Fools' Day 2015, in certain areas in Google Maps, there was a button which started a game of Pac-Man, controlled by arrow keys and using the roads as paths for Pac-Man to travel along.^[87]
  • A similar feature was brought back for April Fools' Day 2017, allowing users to play a version of Ms. Pac-Man upon clicking the icon on the Google Maps webpage or mobile app.^[88]
• In early test versions of Google Maps, searching for a route between locations separated by expanses of water (for example, Paris and New York City) provided road directions to the coast of the embarkation country (in this case, the west coast of France) before suggesting 'Swim the Atlantic Ocean (3,500 miles)' or another ocean for a different distance.^[74]
• While Google Maps' walking directions were in beta, requesting them from the start point of 'The Shire' or 'Rivendell' to the destination of 'Mordor', the directions returned the warning: 'Use caution – One does not simply walk into Mordor.'^[89]
• Searching for 'R'lyeh' would take users to the coordinates of the sunken city. It was listed as a 'Place of worship'.^[90]
• Visiting 'Salford Lads' Club' with 3D buildings activated will show Morrissey of The Smiths at the entrance. The club was featured in the cover art of the Smiths' album The Queen Is Dead.^[91]
• On Mario Day (March 10^[92]) 2018, Google and Nintendo had partnered up to bring Mario into Google Maps mobile app worldwide for a week. A yellow icon with a question mark would show up at the bottom of the directions page, next to the start navigation button. Tapping on the icon would allow the user to have Mario and his kart as the navigation arrow. Tapping the icon 100 times would activate a 1-UP sound like in Nintendo's games.^[93]

Pegman[edit]

• If the user navigates to Loch Ness( see it ), the lake can be seen from a street view and the Pegman looks like the Loch Ness Monster.^[94]
• He is given special clothing for some widely observed special occasions: for Halloween he rides a broomstick; for Valentine's Day he stands upon a heart; and during Christmas week, he becomes a snowman and on certain hashtags like the #prideforeveryone hashtag he gets a certain object like a rainbow cape.^[95]
• Around February 8, the launch day of Google Maps,^[96] he appears dressed as a birthday cake.^[97]
• When viewing past street views, he turns into Emmett 'Doc' Brown, one of the protagonists from the 'Back to the Future' universe.^[98]
• When dragged into Legoland in Carlsbad, the Pegman turns into a Lego minifigure.^[99]
• When dragged into Street View in Sun Valley, Idaho, he becomes a skier.^[100]
• On Election Day the Pegman is wearing a Uncle Sam's hat and an 'I voted' button.^{[citation needed]}
• When dragged onto the vicinity of the Arthur Ashe Stadium, ( see it )Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, Pegman becomes a tennis player holding a racket.^[101]
• When dragged near the Kennedy Space Center, ( see it ) Pegman becomes an astronaut.^[102]
• When dragging Pegman around Groom Lake in Nevada( see it ) or Area 51, ( see it ) he will turn into a UFO.^[103]
• When viewing some royal residences, such as Buckingham Palace( see it ) (and the surrounding palaces), The Palace of Holyroodhouse( see it ) and Hillsborough Castle( see it ), the Pegman turns into a representation of Queen Elizabeth II, 'PegMa'am'.^[104][105]
• When dragged onto Hawaii( see it ) or Florida( see it ), the Pegman becomes a mermaid, but only when close to the ocean. The figure reverts if dragged too far inland.^[106] Pegman also turns into a mermaid when dragged to the vicinity of the Galápagos Islands.( see it )^{[citation needed]}
• Dragging the Google Street View Pegman onto Telegraph Avenue in Berkeley, CA used to display him with a tie-dyed shirt.^[107]
• There is a place on the southern point of Half Moon Island, Antarctica that has blue roads. When the Pegman was dragged on this spot, the Pegman turned into a penguin and users could explore the area as if on roads. Penguins and a research team in red parkas can be seen at various points on these roads.^[74]
• For the release of Star Wars: The Force Awakens, the Pegman on Google Maps was a stormtrooper or an X-wing fighter pilot.^[108]
• For the release of the video game The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD for the Wii U, the Pegman was Link holding a Master Sword and a Hylian Shield.^[109]
• For Google Street View's 10th birthday, the Pegman appears on both Maps and Street View as if he is celebrating a birthday, wearing a red and white striped miniature party hat and holding three pastel violet, pink, and blue balloons in his right hand.^[110]

Google Translate[edit]

• On Monday, November 29, 2010, Reddit user 'harrichr' posted details of 'how to make Google beatbox for you!' and soon after, Robert Quigley reported the discovery in an article on 'geekosystem.com' (now The Mary Sue), stating that he was 'Not sure if this falls in the category of Easter Egg or clever manipulation' and that although he had 'No idea why', it transpired that using Google Translate to translate nonsense text of all consonants from German to German and clicking would result in machine generated speech that sounded like beatboxing. As time went on, redditors and other interested parties experimented with translation combinations, posting their results on sites including Hacker News where reader 'iamdave' is reported to have posted 'a pretty comprehensive Google Translate beatboxing guide'.^[111][112] Three years later Time magazine published an article indicating that Google had acknowledged the existence of this feature with an Easter egg 'Beatbox' tooltip when hovering over the 'speaker icon' button after setting everything up to the aforementioned specification.^[113]
• When using Google Translate to translate the German version of The Funniest Joke in the World ('Wenn ist das Nunstück git und Slotermeyer? Ja! Beiherhund das Oder die Flipperwaldt gersput!( see it )') to English, the result will be '[FATAL ERROR]'.^[114]

Google homepage[edit]

• Rolling over the button causes the button text to spin, landing on a random phrase. Clicking on the button without text in the search bar will serve the corresponding web page.^{[115][116][117]}

Google languages[edit]

Google offers interfaces for several different fictional languages. Users can set any language (except pig latin) as their preferred language in their search settings.^[118]

Google subpages[edit]

• When Ken Perlin visited Google February 2000, Sergey Brin asked him for a version of an interactive jumping heart character he'd created as a Java applet to be put on the Google site for Valentine's day. 'www.google.com/heart' will redirect to an archived page which is a preservation of the old, but still functional, Google interface, complete with the Valentine's heart and a banner that states 'This site is an old friend from Google’s past, kept in its original form. Enjoy!'^{[119][self-published source?]}
• 'www.google.com/humans.txt( see it )' is a simple plain text file serving to remind its readers that Google is created by a large team of humans using many technologies. It asks for interested readers to visit their careers page.^[120]
• 'www.google.com/killer-robots.txt' is a plain text file in robots.txt format.^[121] It is no longer accessible as of November 28, 2018^{[citation needed]}.
• 'www.google.com/teapot( see it )' states, '418. I’m a teapot. The requested entity body is short and stout. Tip me over and pour me out.' Clicking on the picture of the teapot or tilting the mobile device will result in an animation of it pouring tea into a teacup. The web page is a reference to the Hyper Text Coffee Pot Control Protocol.^[122]

Android[edit]

• Since the version 2.3 (Gingerbread) of Google's Android operating system an Easter egg containing an animation has been hidden. The Easter egg can be accessed through the 'Settings' application, in the 'About phone' section, by repeatedly tapping the 'Android version' section. The animation is different in every version of the OS.^[123]
  • In 2.3 – 2.3.7 (Gingerbread) there is a painting of an Android next to a zombie gingerbread man, surrounded by zombies using cellphones.^[124]
  • In 3.0 – 3.2.6 (Honeycomb) there is a blue honeybee. Below it, there is the text 'REZZZZZZZ…' as a reference to Tron: Legacy.^{[citation needed]}
  • In 4.0 – 4.0.4 (Ice Cream Sandwich) there is pixel art of an ice cream sandwich android. Long-pressing it will result in many ice cream sandwich androids flying across the screen, dubbed the 'nyan droid' as they are a tribute to Nyan Cat.^{[citation needed]}
  • In 4.1 – 4.3.1 (Jelly Bean) a red jelly bean appears, which if pressed will show its face along with the OS version. If this jelly bean is then long-pressed, an interactive jelly bean mini-game will appear. This is where one can fling the jelly beans around.^{[citation needed]}
  • In 4.4 (KitKat) a rotating letter 'K' appears, which if continually tapped turns into the text 'Android' in the styling of a KitKat logo. If the Android logo is then long-pressed or twisted with two fingers a tile interface, known as 'a daydream' called 'Dessert Case', loads with icons from all previous versions of Android. It appears to be a mock of the Windows Phone interface.^[125]
  • In 5.x (Lollipop) and 6.x (Marshmallow), a colored circle appears (or a circle with a stylized M inside in Marshmallow). If continuously tapped, it will turn into a lollipop with the text lollipop inside (or the M changes into a marshmallow in 6.x). Tapping the circle changes the color. When long-pressed, a game of Flappy Bird starts with the Android mascot instead. In Marshmallow, tapping the plus sign adds extra players (up to five), which can be controlled by the user or other players.^[126][127]
  • In 7.0 (Nougat), an 'N' appears, which will enable another Easter egg if tapped. This Easter egg, titled 'Android Neko' as a reference to the cat collecting mobile game Neko Atsume, can be accessed from the Quick Settings menu, and allows the user to create virtual treats, which will eventually attract kittens. The kittens can be viewed in a gallery-style screen. Additionally, long-pressing on the aforementioned 'N' repeatedly will alternate between displaying the no symbol and the cat face emojis, respectively toggling the Easter egg on and off. 'No' and 'cat' is a mondegreen for 'nougat'.^[128]
  • In 8.0 (Oreo), instead of the normal way of going to the Easter egg, heading to System > About Phone and tapping on the Android version repeatedly will launch the Easter egg. An orange circle appears, representing an 'O' for Oreo. Long pressing on the center will open a blue screen representing a sea with an octopus floating around. The 'O' in octopus represents Oreo while the eight legs on the octopus represent the version (8.0). The octopus can be moved by dragging the head around.^[129]
  • In 9.0 (Pie), the Easter egg is found by going to System > About Phone > Android version and then tapping three times on the Android version on the next screen. A white, extended 'P' will then appear, usually with concentric colored circles disappearing into the 'P'. Each time the Easter egg is invoked, it displays different colors. The animation can be pinched to zoom.^[130]
    • On Google Pixel phones (that run 9.0 Pie), tapping the 'P' icon several times will reveal a drawing app.^[131]

• Gingerbread

• Honeycomb

• Ice Cream Sandwich

• Jelly Bean

• KitKat

• Lollipop

• Marshmallow

• Nougat

• Oreo

• Pie

• 'Spells' may be 'cast' on an Android phone by saying 'Ok Google' followed by 'Lumos' or 'Nox' to turn the flashlight on and off, or 'Silencio' to silence the ringer and notifications.^[77]

Android applications[edit]

• In the Google Play Games app, if the player swipes the Konami Code, a box will appear with three buttons – a B, an A and an ►. Pressing B then A then ► unlocks a secret achievement called 'All your game are belong to us', a reference to the well known 'All your base are belong to us' phrase.^[132]
• In the Google Allo app, sending the Konami Code to the Google Assistant by typing 'up up down down left right left right b a start' will respond with 'Cheat mode enabled'. Typing it again will respond with random statements relatable to the code.^{[citation needed]}
• In the Google Phone (Dialer) app, inputting the 'Emergency Number' '0118 999 881 999 119 725 3', advertised to replace '999' in The IT Crowd's season 1 episode 'Calamity Jen', will cause the phone to vibrate and the call button to flash blue and red. The feature only works on stock Android Marshmallow and Android Nougat.^{[133][134][135]}
• In Google+, if the device is shaken while viewing a photo, snow will fall; if the device is shaken again it will save an animated GIF of the image with falling snow to the pictures directory.^[136]
• Searching for 'let's go caroling' or 'let's go carolling' on Google Now will result in an extra card which displays a list of Christmas carols. The phone will play the music and show the words if one of them is selected.^[137]
• On YouTube Creator Studio, swiping down the screen repeatedly will show a cat at the top of the screen.^[138]
• Entering the tabview on the Google Chrome App and swiping up on a tab five times will cause the tab do a backflip.^[139]
• Opening more than 99 tabs in the Google Chrome App will result in ':D' shown instead of the number of opened tabs.^[139]
• Tapping on the dinosaur, which is shown if the Google Chrome App is not able to connect to internet, will start a 'jump and run' game.^[139] (See also the Chrome section below)

YouTube[edit]

• On YouTube for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch and on YouTube TV, holding rewind (left on a gamepad thumbstick, left ← or J on a keyboard) for a few seconds while at the beginning of a video, will cause an animated image of a small dog to run across the video's progress bar.^[140][141]
• On a video published by Numberphile on June 22, 2012, titled 'Why do YouTube views freeze at 301?( see it )', the view count was frozen at 301,^[142][31] referencing the bug in the now-changed subject behavior.^[143]
• Adding '&wadsworth=1' to a video URL would apply 'Wadsworth's constant', skipping the first 30% of the video.^[144]
• Whilst viewing any video, typing 'awesome' makes the progress bar and other player elements flash multicolored. Typing 'awesome' again stops it.^[145]
• YouTube's robots.txt file at 'www.youtube.com/robots.txt( see it )' states that it was 'Created in the distant future (the year 2000) after the robotic uprising of the mid 90's which wiped out all humans.'^[146] This is an ostensible reference to the song 'Robots' by Flight of the Conchords.^[147]
• When the live-stream countdown reaches 24 hours before it is scheduled to start, a 'Dawn of The Final Day -24 Hours Remain-' is shown along with a sound effect, referencing the video game The Legend of Zelda: Majora's Mask.^{[citation needed]}
• On December 12, 2015, in celebration of the release of Star Wars: The Force Awakens, the progress bar was changed in order to look like a Lightsaber. By signing up to a specially created page, users were able to follow the Light Side (which would change the progress bar to blue) or the Dark Side (which would change the progress bar to red). Account users had the option to return the effect to normal. Google disabled it for all users, February 1, 2016.^[148] Along with this, mousing over the volume controls would play a lightsaber sound like it was turned on, and mousing off of it would play a power off sound.^{[citation needed]}
• A Snake game could be activated in the Adobe Flash player by pressing a combination of arrow keys whilst videos were paused or playing. Once started, the snake could be controlled by further use of the arrow keys, directing it to 'gobble up dots' to increase its size. If the snake hit the edges of the video window, the game ended.^[149][150] The feature no longer works with the HTML5 video player.^[151]
• When watching a video with 'fidget spinner( see it )' in the title, the buffering icon would change into a spinning fidget spinner.^[152]
  The Fidget Spinner that replaces the buffering icon
• The title of the video 'Too Many Cooks( see it )', a surrealdark comedyshort by Adult Swim, is yellow and in the Georgia font, mimicking the video's theme.^{[citation needed]}

Search[edit]

A YouTube search for:

• 'beam me up scotty', a reference to Star Trek, would cause the search results to beam down onto the screen, as in Star Trek.^[153]
• 'doge meme' changes the font on the search result page to pastel color Comic Sans typical of the Doge meme.^[154]
• 'do the harlem shake' will cause the Harlem Shake song to play and the results to dance around.^[155]
• 'use the Force luke' causes the results to levitate, as if by the Force mentioned in Star Wars.^[46]
• 'webdriver torso' will return the results but with a red background and a blue rectangle around some videos. It also says 'aqua.flv – Slide 000[0–9]' at the bottom left of the page. This is a reference to the Webdriver Torso mystery. Google has confirmed that it is behind the Webdriver Torso mystery; it is one of many test channels used by YouTube to ensure video quality.^[156]
• Searching 'yanny' shows 'Did you mean: laurel', and vice versa. This is a reference to Yanny or Laurel, an auditory illusion that became popular in May 2018.^{[citation needed]}

Chrome[edit]

• If the user tries to browse when offline, a message is shown that they are not connected to the Internet. An illustration of the 'Lonely T-Rex' dinosaur is shown at the top, designed by Sebastien Gabriel.^{[157][158][11]} From September 2014, tapping the dinosaur (in Android or iOS) or pressing space or ↑ (on desktop) launches a browser game called 'T-Rex Runner' in which the player controls a running dinosaur by tapping the screen (in Android or iOS) or pressing space, ↑ or ↓ (on desktop) to avoid obstacles, including cacti and, from June 2015, pterodactyls. In 2016, another feature was added to the game. When the player reaches 700 points the game begins to switch between day (white background, black lines and shapes) and night (black background, white lines and shapes). During September 2018, for Google Chrome's 10th birthday, a birthday cake causing the dinosaur to wear a birthday hat when collected was added.^[159] Reaching a score of 900 will switch the colour scheme back to day, and the switch back and forth will occur at further subsequent milestones.^{[158][160][161][162]} The game is also available at the 'chrome://network-error/-106( see it )' and 'chrome://dino'^{[not in citation given]} pages.^[163] The game's code is available on the Chromium site.^[161]
• In the Apps splash page at 'chrome://apps( see it )', a comment can be found under the body header that reads 'A div to hold all the templates, and in the darkness bind them'. This is a reference to the One Ring featured in The Lord of the Rings series by J. R. R. Tolkien.^{[citation needed]}
• In the About Chrome page at 'chrome://settings/help', clicking on the Chrome icon will cause it to spin.^{[citation needed]}

Chrome OS[edit]

• In the Camera app, activating caps lock and typing 'CRAZYPONY' will open the files app and prompt the user to select a video file. Users can then add filters and take screenshots of the video.^[139]
• The keyboard shortcutctrl+alt+⇧ Shift+refresh causes the current window to spin (Barrel Roll).^[164]

Other[edit]

• Pressing Ctrl+⇧ Shift+Y in the Picasa desktop application will cause a teddy bear to appear on the screen. Note that the Picasa application no longer exists, as it was replaced by Google Photos.^[165]
• In the Google I/O 2013 page, 'instrument.github.io/google-io-2013/( see it )', one can click the letters 'I' and 'O' to input passwords.^{[166][167][168]}
• In Google Glass, tapping Settings -> Device info -> View licenses, then tapping the touchpad 9 times, will show a Tap Meet Team option. Tapping again will show a photo of the Google Glass development team.^[169]
• Any photograph with Christmas lights uploaded to Google+ will be turned into an animated GIF, showing sparkling lights.^[137]
• On the Google Play Store, clicking the search button with a blank search field will search 'unicorns'.^[170]
• In Google's iPhone and iPod touch search application, swiping downwards (past About) repeatedly in the Settings interface brings up a hidden menu item, called Bells and Whistles, allowing customization of colors, sounds and more within the app. However, this no longer works as of the newer app updates.^[171]
• On Google Forms, entering the table flip emoticon '(╯°□°）╯︵ ┻━┻' as the title will cause the interface to flip and replace the title with '┬─┬ノ(°_°ノ)'^{[citation needed]}
• The model numbers for the first generation Chromecast unit and its power adapter read H2G2-42 and MST3K-US, respectively.^[172]
• The password for Project Fi data only SIM cards is h2g2, another reference to The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy.^[173]
• In Sheets, as to celebrate LGBT pride, typing 'PRIDE' in cells A1-E1 with each individual letter in each cell will make change the fill color of columns to make a rainbow.^[174][175]

See also

• Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and Browser Usage (AptiQuant)

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External links[edit]